Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation 1st Edition

Doanh nhân xã hội và đổi mới
Các dự án kinh doanh theo sứ mệnh có sức mạnh thay đổi thế giới và giải quyết các vấn đề xã hội cấp bách nhất hiện nay. Doanh nhân xã hội trang bị cho sinh viên các lý thuyết, mô hình, công cụ và mẫu mà họ cần để tạo ra ý tưởng và hình thành cơ hội thành các doanh nghiệp xã hội có tác động. Tác giả Carole Carlson sử dụng nhiều ví dụ, trường hợp và hồ sơ thực tế khác nhau để minh họa cách các doanh nhân trên khắp thế giới đang thay đổi cộng đồng của họ. Các bài tập cho phép sinh viên thực hành phát triển bộ kỹ năng kinh doanh của mình khi họ tìm hiểu các nguyên tắc cơ bản về cơ cấu, tài chính, tiếp thị và mở rộng quy mô các dự án xã hội. Bất kể mục đích xã hội nào mà học sinh của bạn đam mê, họ sẽ thấy Doanh nhân xã hội là một nguồn lực quan trọng để biến tầm nhìn của họ thành hiện thực.

Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1 • Social Entrepreneurship and Leadership
Learning Objectives
Defining Social Entrepreneurship
The Promise of Social Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurial Leadership
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Entrepreneurial Motivation
Profile: Bill Drayton at Ashoka
How Social Entrepreneurs Achieve Impact
What Do Social Entrepreneurs Actually Do?
What the Critics Say
Three Types of Social Entrepreneurs
Innovators
Scalers
Ecosystem Builders
Transitions Between Roles
Finding Your North Star
A Few Key Questions
Self-Assessment Options
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 1.1: Defining Your Entrepreneurial Purpose
Exercise 1.2: Entrepreneurial Leadership Self-Assessment
Short Case: Linda Rottenberg—Supporting High-Impact Entrepreneurs at Endeavor
Discussion Questions
Chapter 2 • Innovation and Idea Generation
Learning Objectives
The Role of Entrepreneurial Insights
Chance Favors the Prepared Mind
Innovation and Social Ventures
Divergent and Convergent Thinking
Where Ideas Come From
Elements of Creativity
Enhancing Creativity
Honing Discovery Skills
Profile: Neal Bermas and STREETS International
Innovating for Social Impact
Problem-Focused Solutions
Opportunity-Focused Solutions
Factors Supporting and Constraining Innovation
Macro-Level Factors
Micro-Level Factors
Using Ideation to Unlock Creativity
Brainstorming
Braindumping
Brainwriting or Brainwalking
Other Ideation Approaches
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 2.1: Using the Double Diamond Model
Exercise 2.2: Innovating Solutions
Short Case: Rakib Avi and Innovation at BRAC
Discussion Questions
Chapter 3 • Shaping Social Venture Opportunities
Learning Objectives
From Idea to Opportunity
Initial Market Assessment
Validating Market Potential
The Importance of Learning From Failure
How Are Business Models Developed?
What Is a Business Model?
Creating a Business Model Canvas
Profile: John Harthorne at MassChallenge—From Concept to Launch
Hypothesis-Driven Entrepreneurship
Why Is a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) Important?
Avoiding Cognitive Bias
Design Thinking
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 3.1: Business Model Canvas
Exercise 3.2: Hypothesis Development and Testing
Short Case: Majd Mashharawi at SunBox
Discussion Questions
Chapter 4 • Building Social Impact Teams and Ecosystems
Learning Objectives
The Benefits of Founding in Teams
Navigating Formation Challenges
Wasserman’s “Four R’s”
Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Founding Teams
Attracting Talent to Social Ventures
Managing Social Venture Teams
Profile: Ohad Elhelo—From Soldier to Entrepreneurial Peace Builder
The Importance of Ecosystems for Social Entrepreneurs
Boards of Directors and Boards of Advisors
Contracted Professionals
Partners
Universities as Incubators
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 4.1: Design Your Culture
Exercise 4.2: Map Your Ecosystem
Short Case: Cheryl Dorsey at Echoing Green—Supporting Bold Ideas
Discussion Questions
Chapter 5 • Creating Alignment and Measuring Impact
Learning Objectives
Why Measure Outcomes and Impact?
The Planning and Learning Cycle
Using a Theory of Change or Logic Model
Why Use Models and Evaluation Tools?
Theory of Change
Logic Model
Impact Measurement
Why Do We Measure Impact?
Different Approaches to Measurement
Measuring From Multiple Perspectives
Which Measurement Approach Should Social Entrepreneurs Choose?
Profile: Matt Forti—Driving Impact at the One Acre Fund
Impact Measurement Pitfalls
Measuring the Wrong Things
Measuring Without Regard to Cost
Measuring Without Analyzing or Acting
Calculating Social Impact
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercise
Exercise 5.1: Create a Logic Model
Short Case: Reinvention and Planning for Impact at HopeWell
Discussion Questions
Chapter 6 • Legal Structures and Financial Plans for Social Ventures
Learning Objectives
Choosing a Legal Structure
A Tale of Three Ventures
Legal Forms of Organization in the United States
Legal Forms of Organization Globally
Which Form to Choose?
Financing Decisions
Sources of Financing for Mission-Driven Ventures
Funding Strategies
Sources of Initial Capital and Expansion Funding
Sources of Funding for Operations
Profile: Tracy Palandjian at Social Finance
Different Ventures, Different Strategies
Matching Mission and Financing Strategy
Funding Models for Nonprofit Organizations
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 6.1: Legal Structure
Exercise 6.2: Financial Model
Short Case: Prosperity Candle
Discussion Questions
Chapter 7 • Scaling and Expansion
Learning Objectives
What Do We Mean by Scale?
Scaling for Mission-Driven Organizations
Scaling and Organizational Evolution
Deciding to Scale
Initial Questions to Ask
Reasons to Scale
Disadvantages of Scaling
Scaling Models
Meeting Untapped Demand by Expanding Locally
Expanding via Owned Branches or Subsidiaries
Expansion via Franchising or Affiliate Structures
Licensing
Scaling via Mergers or Acquisitions
Scaling Impact via Knowledge Dissemination and Network Creation
Scaling via Intrapreneurship
Profile: Louise Langheier: Driving Impact Through Scale at Peer Health Exchange
Issues to Navigate
Assessing Readiness
The Importance of Fidelity
How a Social Venture’s Financing Model Affects Growth
Thinking Long Term
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 7.1: Scaling Plan
Exercise 7.2: What’s Your End Game?
Short Case: GreenLight Fund—Scaling for Social Impact
Discussion Questions
Chapter 8 • Entrepreneurial Operations and Marketing
Learning Objectives
Connecting Strategic Thinking and Entrepreneurial Execution
Entrepreneurial Operations
A Short History of Operations Management
New Approaches: Lean and Agile
Designing for Entrepreneurial Operations
Lean Design in Action: Ekal Vidyalaya
The Role of Experimentation
Leveraging External Resources
Management and Culture
Entrepreneurial Marketing for Social Ventures
Marketing Basics
What Is Different for Entrepreneurial Organizations?
What Is Different for Social Ventures?
Refining Your Marketing Strategy
Profile: Catherine T. Morris at BAMS Fest: Using Arts and Culture to Catalyze Social Change
Digital and Social Media Marketing for Social Ventures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercise
Exercise 8.1: Marketing and Operations Plan
Short Case: Brenna Schneider and 99Degrees—Operations Under Fire
Discussion Questions
Chapter 9 • Business Plans and Pitches for Social Ventures
Learning Objectives
Creating Business Plans
What Are the Benefits of Creating a Business Plan?
What Are The Drawbacks of Creating a Plan?
What’s in a Business Plan?
Section Content
Social Venture Pitches
The Value of Effective Pitches
The Science of First Impressions
Tell a Great Story
Elevator Pitch Basics
Pitching With Slides
The Pitch Process
Tips for Presenting Virtually
Profile: Rutopia—Creating the Perfect Pitch
Protecting Intellectual Property
Types of Intellectual Property Protection
Working With University Technology Transfer Offices and Other University Resources
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercises
Exercise 9.1: Pitch Practice
Exercise 9.2: Advanced Pitch Challenges
Short Case: Shruti Sehra and Amina Fahmy at New Profit—Selecting High-Impact Entrepreneurs
Discussion Questions
Chapter 10 • Social Entrepreneurship in a Global Context
Learning Objectives
The Economic Impact of Entrepreneurship
Global Entrepreneurial Impact
Entrepreneurship in Emerging and Developing Economies
The Importance of Institutional and Cultural Context
Entrepreneurial Motivation
The Promise of Global Social Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship and the UN Sustainable Development Goals
Factors Supporting the Growth of Global Social Entrepreneurship
Constraints to Global Social Entrepreneurship
Resources Supporting Mission-Driven Ventures
Characteristics of Global Social Entrepreneurs
Profile: Michael Sly at Wilding and Co.—Leveraging a Global Market to Meet Local Goals
Different Types of Mission-Driven Ventures
Local Ventures Serving Local Needs
Local Ventures With a Global Market
Regional Ventures
Global Ventures
Chapter Summary
Key Terms
In-Class Exercise
Exercise 10.1: Entrepreneurship and the Sustainable Development Goals
Short Case: Tanya Accone at UNICEF—Promoting Intrapreneurship and Global Innovation at Scale
Discussion Questions
Case 1 • Genesis: Seeding a Social Enterprise
Personal Background
Genetics and Closed Communities
Accelerating the Idea
The Business Plan and the Return to Israel and Palestine
Moving Forward—and a New Challenge
Discussion Questions
Case 2 • Sanergy: Using Social Entrepreneurship to Solve Emerging Market Problems
New Year, New Challenges
A Sanitation Crisis in the Developing World
Sanergy’s First Location in Nairobi, Kenya
Sanitation in the Nairobi Slums
Sanergy Operations
Measuring Impact
Competition
Scaling Sanergy
Expanding to New Markets
Auerbach’s Resolutions
Discussion Questions
Case 3 • WorkAround: Starting a New Global Venture
The Genesis of WorkAround
The Global Refugee Crisis
The WorkAround Solution
Early Successes
Incubating the Venture
The Challenge at MassChallenge
The Big Event
What Happened Next?
Discussion Questions
Appendix 1: WorkAround Team Bios
Appendix 2: Worker Demographics
Appendix 3: WorkAround Business Model Canvas
Appendix 4: WorkAround Pitch Deck
Appendix 5: MassChallenge Selected Judge Feedback (Anonymized)
Index